Blood biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury: a selective review of unresolved issues

Biomarker Research

Table 3 Performance at different sampling times for studies with multiple sampling intervals (Area under receiver operator curve)†

Biomarker	Study	Year	Use	0-1	0-6	6-24	24-48	48-144	>144
GFAP	Asken [79]	2018	concussion		0.63	0.71
	McCrea [31]	2020	concussion		0.68		0.57
	Meier [80]	2017	concussion		0.53		0.56
	Papa [17]	2019	concussion	0.76	0.76	0.8	0.87	0.89
	Posti [81]	2017	concussion			0.63	0.37
	Yue [82]	2019	CT-/MRI+		0.72	0.85
	Welch [65]	2017	CT+/CT-		0.84	0.94
	McDonald [68]	2021	concussion				0.60	0.52	0.54
	Giza [83]	2021	concussion		0.75		0.63
NF-L	McCrea [31]	2020	concussion		0.56		0.49
	Shahim [84]	2017	PCS		0.82		0.73	0.83	0.66
	Shahim [72]	2018	RTS		0.82		0.72	0.73	0.73
	McDonald [68]	2021	concussion				0.73	0.85	0.79
	Giza [83]	2021	concussion		0.75		0.63
S100B	Asken [79]	2018	concussion		0.75	0.69
	Meier [80]	2017	concussion		0.72		0.58
	Welch [65]	2017	CT+/CT-		0.78	0.75
	Shahim [85]	2014	PCS		0.68			0.55
	Rogatzki [86]	2021	concussion	0.48	0.24
tau-T	Asken [79]	2018	concussion		0.74	0.62
	McCrea [31]	2020	concussion		0.55		0.31
	Shahim [85]	2014	PCS		0.90			0.76
	Gill [87]	2017	RTS		0.80			0.74
	Shahim [72]	2018	RTS		0.67		0.57	0.52
	McDonald [68]	2021	concussion				0.51	0.55	0.72
	Giza [83]	2021	concussion		0.50		0.46
UCH-L1	Asken [79]	2018	concussion		0.62	0.60
	McCrea [31]	2020	concussion		0.66				0.51
	Meier [80]	2017	concussion		0.74				0.55
	Papa [17]	2019	concussion	0.65	0.65	0.77	0.74	0.50
	Posti [81]	2017	concussion		0.52	0.46
	McDonald [68]	2021	concussion				0.61	0.56	0.57
	Giza [83]	2021	concussion		0.73		0.62

^∗Use: concussion versus controls, mTBI with CT+ versus CT-, delayed return to sport versus no delay, CT- and MRI+ versus CT- and MRI-, post-concussion syndrome versus no post-concussion syndrome.
^†Time intervals are in hours and are approximate across studies.
Bolded AUROC is the highest row value.
Values are rounded to 2 decimals. No tests of significance were applied.

ISSN: 2050-7771