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Fig. 1 | Biomarker Research

Fig. 1

From: Therapeutic potential of folic acid supplementation for cardiovascular disease prevention through homocysteine lowering and blockade in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Fig. 1

Homocysteine metabolism and major factors associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in rheumatoid arthritis patients. MTHFR methylene tetrahydrofolate; CBS cystathione β synthase; BHMT betaine homocysteine methyltransferase; MS methionine synthase; Vit vitamin; DMARDs disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Vit B9 depletion owing to immuno-inflammatory activation, DMARDs, and gastrointestinal disturbance impairs the MTHFR vit B9-dependent remethylation pathway together with the MTHFR C677T mutation; vit B12 depletion owing to both immuno-inflammatory activation and gastrointestinal disturbance impairs the MS vit B12-dependent remethylation pathway; vit B6 depletion owing to immuno-inflammatory activation and gastrointestinal disturbance impairs the CBS vit B6-dependent transsulfuration pathway

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Biomarker Research

ISSN: 2050-7771

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