Fig. 5

Schematic illustration of microRNAs (miRNAs) secretion from cells of the central nervous system (CNS) into the extracellular space/biological fluid (blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) after non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Various forms of circulating miRNAs are presented: 1) in the composition of apoptotic/necrotic bodies after the death of intima cells (endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)) of a cerebral vessel because of prolonged damage to the vessel (before hemorrhage) and after its rupture (after hemorrhage); after the death of neuronal cells due to hematoma compression (secondary ischemic damage) or due to lysis of erythrocytes (miRNAs of erythrocyte origin. 2) In the composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) (exosomes or microvesicles (MVs)) responsible for cellular communication between vascular cells or microglial cells - the progression of the inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. 3) as part of protein complexes (see Figs. 3 and 4). Note: Ago2, Argonaute 2; RBCs, Red blood cells (erythrocytes)