Fig. 4

The HIF signaling pathway plays a vital role in tumor angiogenesis by adjusting HIF-1α levels based on oxygen availability, leading to angiogenesis-related gene activation under hypoxic conditions, while neddylation, by inhibiting HIF-1α degradation, can promote tumor growth and angiogenesis. HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; VHL, von Hippel-Lindau; HREs, hypoxia response elements; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; PDGFB, platelet-derived growth factor B; ANGPT2, angiopoietin 2; NEDD8, neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8. Created with BioRender.com