From: The CAR macrophage cells, a novel generation of chimeric antigen-based approach against solid tumors
Source | Properties | Benefits | Disadvantages | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Macrophage cell line | THP-1 cell line | 1. Have a homogenous genetic background 2. Not seen LPS-induced tolerance 3. Lower secretion of IL-8 and without production of IL-6 and 10 | 1. Cannot stay in the previous morphology 2. Low feasibility in the clinic | [135] |
Human macrophages from PBMCs | Peripheral blood was collected, and macrophage cells were isolated by apheresis | 1. Can stay in the previous morphology 2. More inflammatory properties due to expression surface markers 3. potent anti-tumor efficacy | 1. Seen LPS-induced tolerance 2. Low potential for cell- engineering 3. High heterogeneity after gene-editing 4. Limited cell resources for particular malignancies 5. Donor dependent 6. High risk for GVHD outbreak | |
HPSCs | The hPSCs can be collected from bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood after G-CSF mobilization, and an extensive bank of HLA-typed donors | 1. High polarization ability to convert M1 and M2 phenotypes 2. Unlimited expansion in the cultural environment 3. Subjected to multiplex editing approach | 1. In peripheral blood collection, it can affect previous treatments 2. Complicated manufacturing process | |
iPSCs | Collecting the patient's blood cells and differentiating into various cell types | 1. High polarization ability in M1 cell phenotypes 2. High potential of cytokine secretion in an antigen-dependent manner 3. High phagocytosis function 4. High flexibility in the expansion and genome editing | 1. Production of some pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 and possibility the creation adverse effect 2. Complicated manufacturing process |