Table 1 Clinical trials of agents that target TAMs for cancer treatment
From: Tumor-associated macrophages, potential targets for cancer treatment
Action | Agent name | Target | Status | Phase | Tumor type | Effect | Trial number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Limiting monocyte recruitment | Carlumab | CCL2 | Completed | II | Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | Well-tolerated, no antitumor activity as a single agent | NCT00992186 |
Completed | Ib | Solid tumors | Well-tolerated, no long-term suppression of serum CCL2 or significant tumor responses | NCT01204996 | |||
Completed | I | Solid tumors | Transient CCL2 suppression, preliminary antitumor activity | NCT00537368 | |||
PF-04136309 | CCR2 | Completed | Ib | Locally advanced pancreatic cancer | Safe and tolerable, objective tumor response | NCT01413022 | |
MLN1202 | CCR2 | Completed | II | Bone metastases | uNTX response rate: 14/43 | NCT01015560 | |
Targeting TAM activation | MCS110 | CSF1 | Recruiting | II | Advanced triple negative breast cancer | NA | NCT02435680 |
Recruiting | Ib/II | Advanced malignancies | NA | NCT01643850 | |||
Terminated | I/II | Prostate cancer, bone metastases | NA | NCT00757757 | |||
IMC-CS4 | CSF1R | Recruiting | I | Advanced solid tumors | NA | NCT01346358 | |
Recruiting | I | Advanced, refractory breast or prostate cancer | NA | NCT02265536 | |||
AMG 820 | CSF1R | Completed | I | Advanced solid tumors | NA | NCT01444404 | |
Recruiting | I/II | Pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer | NA | NCT02713529 | |||
PLX7486 | CSF1R | Recruiting | I | Advanced solid tumors | NA | NCT01804530 | |
PLX3397 | CSF1R | Completed | II | Recurrent glioblastoma | Well tolerated, no efficacy | NCT01349036 | |
Completed | II | Relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma | Safe, response rate: 1/20 | NCT01217229 | |||
Completed | II | Advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer | NA | NCT01499043 | |||
Recruiting | I/II | Sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors | NA | NCT02584647 | |||
Recruiting | II | Advanced melanoma, other solid tumors | NA | NCT02452424 | |||
Recruiting | Ib/II | Metastatic breast cancer | NA | NCT01596751 | |||
Recruiting | I/II | Refractory leukemias, solid tumors | NA | NCT02390752 | |||
Recruiting | I | Advanced solid tumors | NA | NCT01525602 | |||
Alemtuzumab | CD52 | Terminated | I | Ovarian, fallopian, or primary peritoneal cancers | NA | NCT00637390 | |
Completed | II | Kidney cancer | NA | NCT00073879 | |||
Reprogramming TAMs to antitumor macrophages | ChiLob 7/4 | CD40 | Completed | I | Advanced malignancies refractory to conventional anti-cancer treatment | Safe, activate B and NK cells | NCT01561911 |
(GM.CD40L) vaccine with CCL21 | CD40 | Active, not recruiting | I/II | Lung cancer | NA | NCT01433172 | |
Tremelimumab and CP-870, 893 | CD40 | Active, not recruiting | I | Metastatic melanoma | NA | NCT01103635 | |
WP1066 | STAT3 | Not yet recruiting | I | Recurrent malignant glioma and brain metastases | NA | NCT01904123 | |
AZD9150 (ISIS-STAT3Rx) | STAT3 | Completed | I/Ib | Advanced/metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma | NA | NCT01839604 | |
β-glucan | MAPK | Completed | II | Stage IV KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer | Compelling, albeit modest, clinical activity | NCT00912327 | |
Recruiting | I | Neuroblastoma | NA | NCT00911560 | |||
Active, not recruiting | I | Metastatic neuroblastoma | NA | NCT00492167 | |||
Hu5F9-G4 | CD47 | Recruiting | I | Solid tumor | NA | NCT02216409 | |
CC-90002 and Rituximab | CD47 | Recruiting | I | Hematologic neoplasms | NA | NCT02367196 |