Functions of N6-methyladenosine in cancer metabolism: from mechanism to targeted therapy

Table 1 Functions of m6A enzymes

Type	Factor	Function	Reference
m6A writer	METTL3	catalyzes m6A methylation	[40, 41]
	METTL14	assists METTL3 in recognizing target RNAs	[32, 42]
	METTL16	catalyzes m6A methylation	[33, 34]
	WTAP	regulates the accumulation of METTL3 and METTL14 to form a stable heterodimer	[35]
	VIRMA (KIAA1429)	recruits METTL3/METTL14/WTAP component to make contact with CPSF5 and CPSF6	[36]
	RBM15/15B	guide m6A complex to specific RNA sites	[14]
	ZC3H13	links WTAP with the mRNA-binding factor Nito	[39]
m6A eraser	FTO	catalyzes m6A demethylation	[46]
	ALKBH5	catalyzes m6A demethylation	[47]
	ALKBH3	promotes RNA demethylation	[48]
m6A writer	YTHDF1	recognizes m6A and interacts with translation machinery to accelerate mRNA translation	[50]
	YTHDF2	selectively identifies m6A-containing mRNA and promote the degradation of m6A-containing transcripts	[51]
	YTHDF3	reinforces the translation of targeted RNAs via cooperating with YTHDF1 and facilitates the degradation of m6A-modified mRNA through association with YTHDF2	[52, 53]
	YTHDC1	regulate mRNA splicing and functions as a mediator in nuclear export	[54,55,56]
	YTHDC2	improves the translating efficiency of target mRNAs	[57]
	IGF2BP1/2/3	enhance the steadiness, storage and translation efficiency of mRNAs	[49, 58, 59]
	HNRNPA2B1	enhances pri-miRNA processing	[61]
	HNRNPC/G	mediate mRNA abundance and splicing	[2, 62]
	eIF3	promotes mRNA translation	[63, 64]