Fig. 1

Women diagnosed with EC exhibit distinct cervicovaginal protein profiles compared to women with benign conditions. A principal component analysis (PCA) of 72 proteins in cervicovaginal lavages (n = 192) displayed along the first two principal components (PC). Each point represents a single sample colored based on disease group (A), menopausal status (B), or body mass index (BMI) (C). Significant differences among the disease groups and between pre- and postmenopausal women were assessed using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) model