Table 1 Schematic representation of different sources for CAR engineering
Source selection | Characteristic | Advantage | Disadvantage | Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
autoCAR-T | Original CAR product | Most effective at the present | Heterogeneity | Product approved |
alloCAR-T | Derived from donors | Industrial production; Low cost; Off-the-shelf | GvHD; HvGD | Product approved |
undefined CD4/CD8 | Selected by CD3 marker | Without additional process | Heterogeneity | Product approved |
constant CD4/CD8 | Selected by CD4/CD8 marker | Industrial production; Evaluable efficacy | Multiple operation steps | Clinical trials |
CAR-NKT | Both T and NK features | Multiple modes of antitumor activity; noGvHD; anti-solid tumor potency | Low abundance | Clinical trials |
CAR-γδT | Without MHC restriction | Multiple modes of antitumor; noGvHD; no ICANS | Low abundance; Difficult proliferation | Clinical trials |
CAR-Treg | Immunosuppression | Curing GvHD & autoimmune diseases | Potential instability | Clinical trials |