Table 1 CAFs subclusters identified in liver cancer
From: Advances of cancer-associated fibroblasts in liver cancer
Sample origins | CAFs subclusters | Signature genes or characteristics | Genes enrichment pathway |
|---|---|---|---|
HCC [45] | CAF_VSMC | RGS5, NDUFA4L2, MYH11,CNN1 | signatures of smooth muscle vascular cells |
CAF_HSC | PDGFRB, THY1 | signatures of hepatic stellate cells | |
CAF_Port | PDGFRA, MMP23B, COL1A1, PRELP | signatures of portal fibroblasts | |
ICC [46] | myCAF | COL1A1, ACTA2, COL8A1, COL15A1, CRLF1, FBN2, SERPINF1 | ECM pathways; |
ICC proliferation; | |||
intraneural invasion | |||
iCAF | CCL19 CCL21, IL6, RGS5 | inflammatory, growth factor; antigen-presentation genes; | |
receptor-ligand, growth factor, and cytokine activity pathways | |||
mesCAF | ANXA1, ANXA2, CXCL1 CXCL6 | mesothelial markers | |
ICC [47] | Subcluster 0 (vCAFs) | CD146, MYH11, GJA4, RGS5, IL-6, CCL8 | microvessels and inflammatory chemokines signature |
Subcluster 1 (mCAFs) | COL5A1, COL5A2, COL6A3, POSTN, FN1, LUM, DCN, and VCAN | ECM pathways; | |
collagen fibril organization | |||
Subcluster 2 (iCAFs) | FBLN1, IGFI, CXCL1, IGFBP6, SLPI, SAA1, C3, C7 | inflammatory response regulation; | |
complement activation | |||
Subcluster 3 (apCAFs) | CD74, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1 | leukocyte cell–cell adhesion; response to IFN-c; | |
antigen processing; | |||
antigen presentation via MHC-II | |||
Subcluster 4 (eCAFs) | KRT19, KRT8, SAA1 | EMT | |
Subcluster 5 (lipofibroblast) | APOA2, FABP1, FABP4, and FRZB | lipid metabolism and processing | |
Liver metastasis [31] | myCAF | ACTA2, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL1A3, COL15A1, MMP2 | ECM pathways |
iCAF | HGF, BMP10, GDF2, LFITM1 | growth factor and inflammatory genes | |
mesCAF | MSLN, UPK1B, UPK3B, GPM6A | mesothelial markers |