Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of exosomes in prostate cancer

Cui, Xiaolin; Fu, Qiang; Wang, Xueying; Xia, Pengcheng; Cui, Xianglun; Bai, Xiaohui; Lu, Zhiming

doi:10.1186/s40364-022-00398-w

Biomarker Research

Table 3 Application of the contents in exosomes as biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC)

From: Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of exosomes in prostate cancer

Source	Isolation method	Identification method	Type	Contents	Application	Ref.
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	lncRNA	lncRNA-p21	Diagnosis of PC	[137]
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR-21, miR-451, miR-636	Diagnosis of PC	[138]
Urine	UC	Microarray analysis, PCR	miRNA	miR-30b-3p, miR-126-3p	Diagnosis of PC	[139]
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR-574-3p, miR-141-5p, miR-21-5p	Diagnosis of PC	[140]
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miRNA-375, miRNA-574-3p	Diagnosis of PC	[141]
Urine	UC	NGS, PCR	miRNA	miR-196a-5p, miR-501-3p	Diagnosis of PC	[142]
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR-2909	Diagnosis of PC	[143]
Urine	UC	Proteomics, WB	protein	ITGA3, ITGB1	Diagnosis of PC	[144]
Urine	UC	Proteomics, WB, ELISA	protein	Flotillin 2, TMEM256, Rab3B, LAMTOR1, Park7	Diagnosis of PC	[145]
Urine	UC	Lipidomics	lipidome	Phosphatidylserine, lactosylceramide	Diagnosis of PC	[146]
Plasma	Precipitation	PCR	lncRNA	SAP30L-AS1, SChLAP1	Diagnosis of PC	[147]
plasma	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	mIR-125a-5p, miR-141-5p	Diagnosis of PC	[148]
Serum	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR375, miR21, miR574	Diagnosis of PC	[149]
Serum	UC	WB, ELISA	protein	ephrinA2	Diagnosis of PC	[150]
Plasma, Serum	UC	Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy	protein	Alpha-helical proteins, beta-folded proteins	Diagnosis of PC	[151]
Serum	UC, Magnetic beads	Proteomics, WB	protein	Gamma-glutamyltransferase	Diagnosis of PC	[152]
Serum		Microfluidic Raman biochip	protein	EpCAM of exosomes	Diagnosis of PC	[153]
Plasma	UC	Proteomics, WB, ELISA	protein	Claudin 3	Diagnosis of PC	[154]
Urine	Precipitation	PCR	lncRNA	PCGEM1, PCA3	Diagnosis of high-grade PC	[155]
Serum	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR-141, miR-375	Diagnosis of high-grade PC	[156]
Serum	Precipitation	PCR	miRNA	miR-1246	Diagnosis of high-grade PC	[157]
Plasma	Precipitation	RNA-Seq, PCR	miRNA	miR423-3p	Diagnosis of high-grade PC	[158]
Urine	UC	Proteomics, WB	protein	FABP5	Diagnosis of high-grade PC	[159]
Urine	Precipitation	Microarray analysis, PCR	sncRNA	A set of sncRNAs	Staging PC	[160]
Plasma	UC	WB, ELISA	protein	Survivin	Diagnosis of early PC	[161]
Plasma	Density gradient centrifugation, antibody beads	WB	protein	αvβ3 Integrin	Monitoring PC progression	[162]
Plasma	Precipitation	RNA-Seq, PCR	miRNA	miR-1290, miR-375	Prognosis in CRPC	[163]
Plasma	UC, Precipitation, antibody-bead	PCR	mRNA	AR-V7	Prognosis in CRPC	[164]
Serum	Precipitation	RNA-Seq	miRNA	miR-654-3p, miR-379-5p	Treatment effect observations	[165]
Serum	UC	PCR	mRNA	CD44v8-10 mRNA	Drug resistance monitoring	[166]
Urine	UC	Proteomics, WB	protein	TM256/LAMTOR1	Diagnosis of PC	[167]
Urine	UC	Microarray analysis, WB	protein	ADSV/TGM4	Staging PC	[168]
Urine	UC	Microarray analysis, WB	protein	CD63/GLPK5/SPHM/PSA/PAPP	Staging PC	[168]
Semen	UC	PCR	miRNA	miR-142-3p/miR-142-5p/miR-223-3p	Diagnosis/prognosis in PC	[169]

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ISSN: 2050-7771

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