Table 1 Mechanism and roles of exosomal circular RNA in solid cancers

CircRNA_100284

up

hepatocellular carcinoma

miR-217

EZH2 and CyclinD1

Cell proliferation

[52]

Circ-DB (has_circ_0025129)

up

hepatocellular carcinoma

miR-34a

USP7/Cyclin A2

Tumor growth and metastasis

[53]

CircPTGR1

up

hepatocellular carcinoma

miR-449a

MET

Disrupt tumor microenvironmental homeostasis and promote metastasis

[54]

Circ-0000284

up

cholangiocarcinoma

miR-637

LY6E

Proliferation, migration, invasion

[55]

Circ-PDE8A

up

pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

miR-338

MACC1/MET/ERK or AKT pathway

Invasive growth

[49]

Circ-IARS

up

pancreatic cancer

miR-122

RhoA activity/ F-actin/ ZO-1

Vascular endothelial permeability and tumor metastasis

[56]

Circ LONP2 (hsa_circ_0008558)

up

colorectal cancer

Promote pre-miR-17 mature

Recruit DGCR8 and Drosha complex

Invasion

[57]

Circ PRMT5

up

urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

miR-30c

SNAIL1/ E-cadherin pathway

Promote pathological EMT

[58]

Circ_0044516

up

prostate cancer

miR‐29a‐3p

-

Proliferation and metastasis

[59]

CiRS-133

up

gastric tumors

miR-133

PRDM16/UCP1 pathway

Cancer cachexia

[50]

Circ-0051443

down

hepatocellular carcinoma

miR-331-3p

BAK1

Promote apoptosis and blocking cell cycle

[60]

Circ-ABCC1

up

colorectal cancer

interact with β-catenin

Wnt/β‐catenin pathway

Cell stemness, sphere formation and metastasis

[61]

Circ-CCAC1

up

cholangiocarcinoma

interact with EZH2

SH3GL2/ ZO-1/Occludin

Accelerate CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis

[62]

Has-circ_0074854

up

hepatocellular carcinoma

interact with HuR

ZEB1 signaling pathway

Activate the polarization of M2 macrophage and promote EMT of HCC cells

[63]

CircFARSA

up

non-small cell lung cancer

interact with eIF4A3

PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Mediate polarization of M2 macrophages and promote EMT

[64]

CircLPAR1

down

colorectal cancer

interact with eIF3h

METTL3-eIF3h/ BRD4

Inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of CRC

[65]