Fig. 5

KSR2 serves as a promising target for sorafenib. A Western blot results show the effects of knockdown and overexpression of KSR2 on the expression of MAPK pathway markers p-cRaf, p-MEK1/2, and p-ERK1/2. B IC50 of sorafenib in PLC/PRF/5 and MHCC97H cells at 48 h of treatment. C Protein expression of Cleaved-Caspase3 in PLC/PRF/5 and MHCC97H cells exposed to sorafenib (20 μM) for different durations (0h, 2h, 24h). D Protein expression of Cleaved-Caspase3 in PLC/PRF/5 and MHCC97H cells treated with different concentrations of sorafenib (0 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM) for 24 h. E Time course showing the effect of sorafenib on the volume of subcutaneous tumors in KSR2-overexpression and control groups. F Effect of sorafenib on the weight of subcutaneous tumors from the KSR2-overexpression cells and the control groups. G Immunohistochemical staining of subcutaneous tumor sections from the KSR2 overexpression group and control groups following treatment with sorafenib. H Quantification of the number of KI67⁺ cells in the KSR2 overexpression and control groups following treatment with sorafenib. I Quantification of the number of Cleved caspase 3 area in the KSR2 overexpression group and control group following treatment with sorafenib. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Abbreviation: sora sorafenib