Fig. 1
From: Targeting interleukin-1β and inflammation in lung cancer
Main components of the tumor microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment comprises cellular and non-cellular fractions. The cellular component consists of cancer cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, and immune cells. The immune compartment comprises several populations, such as B-cells, T-cells and natural killer cells, tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and dendritic cells. The extracellular matrix represents the non-cellular component of the tumor microenvironment and acts as a scaffold. Elements of the tumor microenvironment interact via the extracellular matrix, cell-cell contacts, and through the release of cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles, among others. (Modified from Cui and Guo. 2016 [9])