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Table 1 Summary of ferroptosis-inducing agents in lung cancer

From: The role of ferroptosis in lung cancer

Agent

Target

Model

Mechanism

Refs

Adagrasib

KRAS

KRASG12C-positive patients

Inhibition of KRASG12C

9

Ammonium ferric citrate

GPX4

A549, HCC827, H1299, and NCI-H661 cells

Inhibition of GPX4-GSS/GSR-GGT axis

[125]

BSO

GSH

Neuroendocrine SCLC cells

Inhibition of the GCLC

129,130

Celastrol

ROS

HCC827, A540, and H1299 cells

Accumulation of damaged mitochondria and induction of PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitosis

[126]

Cisplatin

GSH

A549 cells

Depletion of GSH

125

Cryptotanshinone

ROS

A549 and NCI-H520 cells

Generation of the ROS and induction of lipid peroxidation

[127]

Curcumin

GSH

A549 and H1299 cells

Activation of autophagy

[128]

Dihydroartemisinin

ROS

NCI-H23 and XWLC-05 cells

Inhibition of the PRIM2-SLC7A11 axis

113

Dihydroisotanshinone I

GPX4

A549 and H460 cells

Downregulation of GPX4 expression

[129]

Erastin

SLC7A11

N5CP and A549 cells

Inhibition of NFE2L2-SLC7A11 pathway; upregulation and activation of TP53

77,86, [130]

Erianin

CaM

H460 and H1299 cells

Induction of Ca2+/CaM signaling

133

Ginkgetin

GSH

A549, NCIH460, and SPC-A-1 cells

Inhibition of SLC7A11 and GPX4; downregulation of GSH/GSSG ratio; disruption of the NFE2L2-HMOX1 axis

85

6-Gingerol

USP14

A549 cells

Inhibition of USP14 activity; upregulation of BECN1 and LC3-II/LC3-I

131

Levobupivacaine

ROS

A549 and A427 cells

Up-regulation of TP53

[131]

Orlistat

Lipid peroxidation

A549 and H1299 cells

Inhibition of the expression of FAF2

137

Paracetamol

ROS

A549 and H1299 cells

Inhibition of NFE2L2-HMOX1

84

PdPT

GPX4

A549 and H1299 cells

Induction of GPX4 degradation

31

RSL3

GPX4

H1650, HCC827, and PC9 cells

Inhibition of GPX4 activity

[132]

Siramesine and Lapatinib

ROS

A549 cells

Iron release from lysosomes and HMOX1 degradation by the proteasome system

[133]

Sorafenib

SLC7A11

N5CP and A549 sells

Inhibition of NFE2L2-HMOX1 pathway

86, [130]

Sulforaphane

GSH

NCI-H69, NCI-H82, and NCI-H69AR cells

Inhibition of SLC7A11

[134]

Zinc

ROS

A549 cells

Induction of lipid peroxidation

[135]

  1. Abbreviations: BECN1, beclin 1; BSO, buthionine-sulfoximine; CaM, calmodulin; FAF2, fas associated factor family member 2; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; GSH, glutathione; GSS, glutathione synthetase; GSR, glutathione reductase; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; HMOX1, heme oxygenase 1; LC3-I, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-I; LC3-II, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II; NFE2L2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2; PdPT, palladium pyrithione; PINK1, PTEN induced kinase 1; PRIM2, DNA primase subunit 2; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; SLC7A11, the solute carrier family 7 member 11; TP53, tumor protein p53; USP14, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14