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Table 2 Ongoing clinical trials of nanoimmunotherapy for cancer

From: Advances in technology and applications of nanoimmunotherapy for cancer

Compound name

NP formulation

NP payloads

Mechanisms of immunotherapy

Anti-tumor immunological effect

Clinical trials

Reference

RNA-LPX

Lipoplexes

RNA encoding mutant neo-antigens

NP-based tumor RNA delivery

Systemic DC targeting; Adaptive T cell response

Phase I

[137]

JVRS-100

Cationic liposome

Plasmid DNA Complex

NP-based tumor DNA delivery

Anti-tumor immune stimulation

Phase I

NCT00860522

Anti-EGFR-IL-dox

Liposome

Doxorubicin-loaded anti-EGFR

NP mediated ICD

Immunological cell death induction

Phase II

NCT02833766

PTX-LDE

Lipid NPs

Paclitaxel

NP mediated ICD

Immunological cell death induction; DC maturation

Phase II

[138]

NBTXR3

Hafnium oxide NPs

Anti-PD1

NP mediated ICD

Immunological cell death induction

Phase I

NCT03589339

Ferumoxytol

Iron oxide NPs

Nil

NP mediated remodeling of TIM

Polarizing M2 to M1

FDA approved for anemia and kidney disease

[89]