Fig. 2
From: Advances in technology and applications of nanoimmunotherapy for cancer
Molecular determinants induced by immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells and corresponding cell immune response. The tumor releases DAMPs under the stress from classical ICD inducers, such as hyperthermia, radiotherapy, chemotherapeutics, and oncolytic virus. Then the DAMPs interact with PRR on DCs to activate DCs. Tumor cells undergone ICD also expose and present much more neoantigens to DCs. Activated DCs prime the specific T cell response targeting tumor cells to induce antitumoral immunity. The classical DAMP-PRR interaction includes HSP/CD91, ATP/P2X7, HMGB-1/TLR-4