Table 1 Different mechanisms of irAEs between anti-CTLA-4 antibody vs. anti-PD-1 antibody. Anti-CTLA-4 antibody generates inhibitory signal at early phase of T cell activation within lymph node, while anti-PD-1 antibody works mainly on peripheral tissue, at a comparatively late phase of immune reaction
From: Risk factors for immune-related adverse events: what have we learned and what lies ahead?
|  | Anti-CTLA−4 antibody | Anti-PD−1 antibody |
|---|---|---|
Functional time | Early | Late |
Functional site | Lymph node | Peripheral tissue |
Expression cell | Naive T cell, Treg | Effector T cell, Treg, B cell |