Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of acoustic trapping with seeding particles for EV enrichment. a Seeding particles are aspirated and trapped in the acoustic standing wave field generated by a piezoelectric transducer. b Plasma containing EVs is aspirated (at 15 μL/min) and EVs are trapped together with the seeding particle cluster by the acoustic forces induced by scattered sound particle-particle interaction. c The trapped EV and seeding particle cluster is washed and subsequently released for further analysis after the acoustic field is turned off