Fig. 6

Tumoricidal effects of dual-targeted CAR-T cells in vivo. a Schematic diagram of the mouse treatment strategy. A total of 2 × 10⁶ NCI-H292-CD19 and 2 × 10⁶ NCI-H292-CD19-PD-L1 tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of mice. A total of 2 × 10⁶ CD4⁺ T cells and 2 × 10⁶ CD8⁺ T cells expressing CD19-z or dual-targeted CAR were injected intravenously into these tumor-bearing mice. Tumor volume was monitored over 20 days after adoptive cell transfer. b-c Graphs presenting the tumor growth of CD19⁺ and CD19⁺PD-L1⁺ cells in mice treated with PBS, control T cells, CD19-z-engineered T cells and CD19-z-PD-L1–28-engineered T cells (n = 5 mice, error bars are the SEM, significance determined by one-way ANOVA, * P < 0.05, **** P < 0.0001 with respect to the control T cells treatment group). d Images showing tumor lesions in CD19⁺ (up) and CD19⁺PD-L1⁺ (down) NCI-H292 tumor-bearing mice were treated with PBS, control T cells and engineered T cells at 1 month after tumor cells inoculation. e NCI-H292 (2 × 10⁶) and NCI-H292-PD-L1 (2 × 10⁶) cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of mice. A total of 2 × 10⁶ CD4⁺ T cells and 2 × 10⁶ CD8⁺ T cells expressing HER2-z or HER2-z-PD-L1–28 were injected intravenously into these tumor-bearing mice. Tumor volume was monitored over 35 days after intravenous injection of the engineered T cells or control T cells. Where indicated, 2 × 10⁶ CD4⁺ T cells and 2 × 10⁶ CD8⁺ T cells transduced with HER2-z or HER2-z-PD-L1–28 were infused intravenously 5 days later. f-g Graphs presenting the tumor volume of HER2⁺ and HER2⁺PD-L1⁺ cells in mice treated with PBS, control T cells, HER2-z and HER2-z-PD-L1–28-engineered T cells (n = 5 mice, error bars are the SEM, significance determined by one-way ANOVA, ** P < 0.01 with respect to the control T cell treatment group)