Targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer

Biomarker Research

Table 2 Targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer- currently available pharmaceutical agents

Drug	Origin	Improvement/function	Phenomenon and characteristics	Year	Reference
Ironomycin	Salinomycin	Accumulating and sequestering iron in lysosomes	Iron overload and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2017	[51]
CSO-SS-Cy7-Hex/SPION/Srfn	Sorafenib, iron	Combined iron and sorafenib	Iron overload, intracellular depletion of glutathione and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2019	[106]
Erastin@FA-exo	Erastin	TNBC targetting, increased biocompatibility	Intracellular depletion of glutathione and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2019	[107]
MnO₂@HMCu_2-xS nanocomposites	Mn²⁺, rapamycin	Combined Fenton-like reaction by Mn²⁺ and autophagy by rapamycin	Iron overload and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2019	[108]
Drug-organics-inorganics self-assembled nanosystem	Doxorubicin, iron, tannic acid	Combined chemotherapy, ferroptosis and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like reaction	Iron overload and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2019	[109]
Nanoparticle ferritin-bound erastin and rapamycin	Erastin, rapamycin	Combined ferroptosis and autophagy	GPX4 downregulation and lipid peroxidation accumulation	2019	[110]
Ascorbate plus nanocarrier loading Fe³⁺ and RSL3	Ascorbate, iron, RSL3	Increased specificity to target cancer cells by ascorbate	Iron overload, inhibition of GPX4 and reactive oxygen species overgeneration	2019	[111]

ISSN: 2050-7771