Fig. 1

dPD1z T and CARPD-L1z T cells efficiently lysed PD-L1⁺ cancer cells. a Schematic diagram of the CAR construction of dPD1z, CARPD-L1z, and CAR19z. b-e In vitro killing of dPD1z T cells against PD-L1⁺ tumor cells. dPD1z T and CAR19z T were co-cultured with four different types of human cancer cell lines at the indicated effector to target (E: T) ratios for 24 h, and the luciferase activities were calculated to determine the percentages of cytolysis. f The production of IL-2, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and TNF-α after dPD1z T or CAR19z T cells co-culture with H460GL cell line for 24 h at a definitive E: T ratio (1: 1). Error bars denote SD, and the results were compared by unpaired t-test. *** P < 0.001. g In vitro killing of CARPD-L1z T and dPD1z T cells against H460GL cell line. Each type of cell was co-cultured with H460GL cell line at the indicated effector to target (E: T) ratios for 24 h, and the luciferase activities were calculated to determine the percentages of cytolysis. h The production of IL-2 and IFN-γ of CARPD-L1z T, dPD1z T or CAR19z T cells post co-cultured with H460GL cell line for 24 h at a definitive E: T ratio (1: 1). Error bars denote SD, and the results were compared by unpaired t-test. ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001