Table 1 The function of MSC-derived exosomes

human umbilical cord MSCs

liver fibrosis

TGF-β1/Smad2

[30]

HuES9.E1 MSC

hepatoprotective effects

Cyclin D1, Bcl-xL, STAT3

[31]

adipose derived-MSCs

hepatitis

TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-1β

[33]

human umbilical cord-derived MSCs

renal Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)

VEGF

[34]

adipose tissue-derived autologous MSCs

renal artery stenosis

TNF-α, IL-6, IL10 and IL-1-β

[35]

human bone marrow MSCs

acute kidney injury

mRNAs

[36]

bone marrow MSCs

acute renal injury

Bcl-xL,Bcl2, BIRC8,Casp1, Casp8 and LTA

[37]

human umbilical cord MSCs

unilateral renal ischemia

lipocalin

[38]

bone marrow MSCs

acute kidney injury

mRNAs

[36]

Human bone marrow MSCs

damaged renal tubular

IGF-1R

[39]

adipose-derived MSC

myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Wnt/β-catenin

[41]

endometrium-derived MSCs

myocardial infarction

miR-21, PTEN

[42]

HuES9.E1 derived MSCs

myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

PI3K/Akt

[43]

mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs

myocardial infarction

miR-22, Mecp2

[44]

bone marrow MSCs

myocardial infarction

miR-125b

[45]

human mesenchymal stem cell

cardiac contractility

miR-21-5p, PI3K

[46]

bone marrow-derived MSCs

myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury

AMPK/mTOR, Akt/mTOR

[47]

rat bone marrow derived MSCs

stroke

miR-17-92, PTEN

[50]

human adipose tissue-derived MSCs

Alzheimer’s disease

neprilysin

[51]

adipose-derived stem cells

oxygen-glucose deprivation

MicroRNA-181b/TRPM7

[52]

mouse bone marrow MSCs

Alzheimer’s disease

STAT3, NF-κB

[53]

bone marrow derived MSCs

chronic graft-versus-host disease

Treg, Th17

[55]

human multipotent stromal cells

type 1 diabetes, uveoretinitis

Th1, Th17

[56]

human bone-marrow derived MSCs

asthma

IL-10, TGF-β1

[57]

human umbilical cord MSCs

inflammation

MiR-181c, TLR4

[58]