Figure 4

The role and action of PCSK members in regulating HDL cholesterol concentration. The figure illustrates the role and action of PCSK1, PCSK3, PCSK5, PCSK6, and PCSK9 in HDL cholesterol concentration. Arrows with 2 different types of lines indicate the relationship between factors: solid lines with arrow indicate a “positive influence” and dotted line with arrow indicates a “negative influence.” Solid line without arrow indicates a “no influence.” PCSK1 negatively influences serum APOA1 level, but does not influence HDL cholesterol concentration, PCSK3, 5 and 6 positively influences HDL cholesterol concentration by modulating enzymatic activities of EL and LPL. PCSK9 positively influences HDL cholesterol concentration by regulating APOE-containing HDL subfraction level through LDLR.